gaddis



H. L. GADDIS BROODEH STOVE Filed May 10, 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Patented Dec; Z9, i925.

UNITED STATES 1,567,364 PATENT OFFICE.

EGH L. GADDIS, OF MACOMB, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO AMERICAN STEEL PRODUCTS CO., OF MACOMB, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

BROODER STOVE.

Application led May 10, 1924. Serial No. 712,229.

To all whom t may concer/m.'

Be it knowirthat I, HUGH L. GADDIs, citizen of the United States, residing at Macomb, in the county o-f McDonough and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in a Broeder Stove g. and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to draft control arrangementsV for stoves and more particularly to arrangements suitable for controlling the draft of slow burning stoves. Generally speaking, it is the object of my invention to provide a simple, easily manufacturedand inexpensive construction for this purpose and one which` will readily lend itself for accomplishing various highly desirable purposes as needed in connection with heating stoves in which the fuel is consumed at a relatively low rate. More particularly, my invention provides a stove construction for this purpose in which the draft is checked by the admission of air tothe fluev from outside of the combustion chamber of the stove; provides means whereby the check draft air is warmed by the stove so as to produce a speedily acting check draft current, and provides sim-ple means for deriving at least 'a portionof this check draft current from the ash-pit of the stove. It also provides a construction which can readily be employed for this purpose which can readily be employed with cheap grades of soft coal, which is easily adapted for use in connection with a stove or heater having a draft-retarding flue chamber under the flue pipe proper, and which can readily be employed in connection. with suitable means for catching drip from the iiue. Still further and also more detailed objects willappear from the follow- Fig. 4 is a horizontal section through Fig. l along the line 4-4 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a rear view of the same brooder stove.

Fig. 6 is` a rear view of an embodiment allied to that of Figs. l to 4f, but having an auxiliary check draft duct arranged for taking part of the check draftair directly from outside the stove.

Figs. 't' and 8 are enlarged horizontal sections, taken respectively along the line 7-7 of Fig. 5 and 8 8 of Fig. 6.

In one of its immediate commercial applications, the stove or heater of my invention is particularly adapted for use with cheap grades of soft coal in maintaining a slow fire at an even temperature, such as is needed for example under t-he hood or hover of a brooder. Coal burning stoves for this purpose have. heretofore been regulated by means of thermostatically controlled check dampers arranged for admitting air from outside the stove to some interior portion of the stove, such as the upper part of the combustion chamber, but this arrangement has the object-ion that the admitted air unduly chills the combustion chamber of the stove and lhence temporarily produces an excessive cooling of the stove so that the temperature within the brooder tluctuates too much. On the other hand, if the check draft air isv secured by opening a lateral connection between the liuc or flue pipe and the outer air, the draft in' the flue pipe is apt to be too slight, particularly with a slow burning fire in the stove, to have any speedy effect. Consequently, the temperature regulation in this case. is undesirably sluggish. Furthermore, many of the draft control arrangements as heretofore provided are unduly cumbersome, complicated and expensive in construction, and frequently also involve an undesirably close fitting of certain stove parts.

iVith my present invention,y I avoid all of the objections above named. I accom lish this partly by admitting the check dra t air to a draft chamber or flue chamber which effectively forms t-he lower portion of the flue and which is connected to the combustion chamber of the stove through passages of limited size, partly by taking at least a partof this check draft air from the ash-pit of the stove, partly by employing a simple pivoted damper located where a relatively in connection llO short and simple connection can be made from it to the usually thermostatically actuated lever arm, and partly by arranging the check draft duct or ducts so that the air entrapped in the same will be continuously warmed and ready to start a forcible upward current as soon as the damper is opened. v

Referring to the embodiment of Figs. 1 to inclusive, this shows a heateror stove having a rocking grate 1 disposed at the top of the ashpit 2'and between the latter and the usual combustion chamber 3 into whichthe coal or other fuel may be fed'after detaching a removable door 4 which Vcloses an opening in the top portion of the stove. The body part of the stove, orthe portion which laterally houses the combustion chamber 3, has adjacent to its top an inwardly directed ledge 5 which'serves for supporting the top portion of the stove and also for supporting a movable member which operates both for forming wall portions of a flue chamber and for catching drip from the flue pipe. t This member, which is more fully described as to its purposes in my U. S. Pat-- ent No. 1,515,249 of November 11, 1924 on a slow burning stove, is here shown as comprising a riser Awall' 6 extending substantially from one side wall of the stove to the other and up to the bottom of the flue collar 7', together with a bottom plate 8 which is'recesse'd opposite each side of the stove as vshown-in Fig. 4 so as to afford passages 9 of restricted size leading from the combustion chamber 3 of the stove towards the flue 10. This removable member desirably also has aliandle 11 on the side of the riser directed towards the door 4, by means of which the said member can be grasped and withdrawn through the opening which is normally closed by this door, so as toremove the flue drip and the like which collects on thei'bottom plate 8 when the ystove is employed with poor grades of coal.

` ln the stove as thus pictured, the said ledge 5 serves also for supporting a top casting 12 which'has an integral. curved riser forming the rear half of the flue collar 7 The companionportion of-this flue collar is here shown as formed by the upper end of a casting 14 bolted to the back of the stove, this casting being of a substantially U- shaped section and extending down alongside' the stove past the combustion chamber 3 and past a rearoutlet-opening 15 in the ash-pit 2. Wlhen thus arranged, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, this casting cooperates with the adjacent st'ove'walls in aording a bypass-duct 16 through which air canreadily pass from the ash-pit of the stove to the flue Vchamber I (which chamber effectively forms the lower part of the flue) without Afirst passing throughthe bed of fuel on the grate. Rockingly mounted within this bypass duct'16 is a damper 17 fastened to a shaft carrying a lever arm 18 which in turn is connected through a link y19 to a lever 20 resting upon the top of anexpansible thermostatic member 21. The lever 2O and the thermostatic member 21 are here shown as carried by a bracket 22 fastened to the back of the stove, and it will be obvious from Fig, 1 that when the thermostat 21 (here shown as double-'decked to amplify its power) is expanded by a rise in temperature, thesaid connections to the shaft of the damper will rock the latter so as to open the by-pass duct 16.

This lby-pass duct has a portion of the rear wall 23 as its own forward wall, the duct Vbeing continuously heated by direct radiation fromV the combustion chamber of the stove, so that the air inthe duct isfnormally warm and will readily -iise as soon as the opening of the damper permits its free movement. Consequently, as soon as this damper is opened even to a relatively small extent, .ai decided upward currentfof air ensues through this duct and up the flue. Since the by-pass duct as thus arranged affords a direct connection between theash` pit and the flue, the air entering the ashpit through the usual draft openings of the stove will flow through this duct instead of passing through the bed of fuel which offers a relatively much higher resistance to the passage of such air. Consequently, the upward movement of air through the bypass is quite rapid as soon as the damper is opened at all, and since the movementof the check'draft air is effected by the heating ofair within the said duct, this moveyment'do'es not depend upon the normal flue draft of the stove. l cantherefore obtain ar'speedy draft control even with low barometric` conditions and even when Vthe stove is filled with fuel to such an extent as to cause the fuel to burn at a quite slow rate. Them-as soony as the air in the vicinity of the stove hascooled sufciently to vaffect the thermostat 21, the weight of the lever 20 and link 19 will automatically close the damper again. Y q

' By employing a by-pass duct 16 of relatively large cross-section, I can normally entrap al sufficient quantity of air in this duct to insure a strong movement of the check draft air as soon as the damper is even partially opened and hence can secure a highly responsive control with myy stove. Furthermore, it will be evident from Figs. 1 and 4 thatmy arrangement readily lends itself to the employment of a drip catching member such as that shownVV in the upper portion of the stove of Fig. 1, thereby permitting the collecting and the occasional removing of the tarry mass which results from the cooling of cold distillates in the l llO flue pipe and from the downward triclrling and dripping of these cooled portions.

However, while I have heretofore illusvtrated and described my invention in an embodiment employing highly desirable features, I do not wish to be limited to the various features of construction and arrangement thus disclosed, it being obvious that they might be varied in many ways without departing either fro-m the spirit of my invention or from the appended claims. For example, instead of taking all of the check-draft air from the ash-pit through the by-pass duct 16 after the manner shown in Fig. l, I may also provide an auxiliary draft duct through which check draft air may be taken from outside the stove. Thus, F ig. 6 shows a. stove which such an auxiliary check draft duct 24 open at its lower end to the outer air, this duct being controlled by a damper 25 fastened to the same shaft with the damper 17 which controls the bypass duct 16 and hence controlled in position by the same thermostat and lever arrangement.

I claim as my invention 1. The combination with a stove having an ashpit below its combustion chamber, of a flue chamber connected to and overhanging the upper portion of the said combustion chamber, a. flue pipe leading from the flue chamber, and an air by-pass duct leading from the ashpit to the flue chamber, the flue chamber having a bottom disposed under the lower end of the flue pipe and having a lateral opening also below the flue pipe and to which the said duct is connected, and means responsive to the temperature outside the stove for controlling the duct.

2. In a stove having an ashpit below its combustion chamber and having a flue connected to the upper part of the combustion chamber, a check draft duct extending upwards alongside the combustion chamber and in direct heat conducting relation to the latter and leading to the flue, the said duct being open to the outer air at its lower end.

3. In a stove having an ashpit below its combustion chamber and having a iiue connected to the upper part of the combustion chamber, a pair of check draft ducts extending upwards alongside the combustion chamber and in direct heat conducting relation to the latter, one of the said ducts being open to the outer air at its lower end and the other being connected at its lower end to the ashpit, both ducts being connected at their upper end to the flue.

4. In a stove having an ashpit below its combustion chamber and having a ilue connected to the upper part of the combustion chamber, a pair of check draft ducts extending upwards alongside the combustion chamber and in direct heat conducting relation to the latter, one of the said ducts being open to the outer air at its lower end and the other being connected at its lower end to the ashpit, both ducts being connected at their upper end to the flue, and dampers respectively disposed in the said ducts.

5. In a stove having an ashpit below its combustion chamber and having a flue connected to the upper part of the combustion chamber, a pair of check draft ducts extending upwards alongside the combustion chamber and in direct heat conducting relation to the latter, one of the said ducts being open to the outer air at its lower end and the other being connected at its lower end to the ashpit, both ducts being connected at their upper en'd to the Hue, and operatively connected dampers respectively disposed in said chiots.

t5. In a stove having an ashpit below its combustion chamber and having a flue connected to the upper part of the combustion chamber, a- Jair of check draft ducts extending upwarhs alongside the combustion chamber, one of the said ducts leading from theashpit to the flue and having a wall portion in common with the combustion chamber, the other leading from the outer air to the flue, and operatively connected dampers respectively controlling the two ducts, the said other duct heilig smaller in cross-section than the duct .leading from the ashpitto the plane.

Signed at Macomb, Illinois, April 30, 1924.

HUGH L. GADDIS. 

